Typhoid vaccine (oral) belongs to the group of medications called vaccines. It is used to protect adults and children over 5 years old against typhoid Fever that is caused by bacteria called Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S.
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The usual dose of Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live) is one capsule taken every other day (e.g., day 1, 3, 5, and 7) for a total of 4 capsules. Take each capsule with at least 4 ounces (120 mL) of cool or lukewarm water (not warmer than 37°C or 98.6°F) approximately 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. The capsules should be swallowed whole (do not chew) as soon as possible after placing it in your mouth. All 4 capsules should be taken at least one week before being exposed to typhoid fever.
Although optimal booster doses have not been determined, it is recommended that a booster dose of 4 capsules taken on alternate days every 7 years be given if you have repeated or continued exposure to typhoid fever.
Many things can affect the dose of medication that a person needs, such as body weight, other medical conditions, and other medications. If your doctor has recommended a dose different from the ones listed here, do not change the way that you are taking the medication without consulting your doctor.
It is important to take Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live) exactly as prescribed by your doctor. If you miss a dose and it has been less than 24 to 28 hours from when you should have taken the dose, take the capsule as soon as you remember. Then skip a day and take the next dose and continue on the every-other-day dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If it has been longer than 48 hours from when you should have taken the capsule or you are not sure what to do after missing a dose, contact your doctor or pharmacist for advice.
Store Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live) in the refrigerator at temperatures between 2°C and 8°C (35.6°F and 46.4°F). The vaccine may be left out of the refrigerator during a reasonable transit time home from the clinic or pharmacy. If the capsules are left outside of the refrigerator at room temperature 77°F (25°C) for up to 12 hours on a one-time only occasion, the product quality will not be affected and the capsules can still be taken. Do not allow the capsules to freeze, protect them from light and moisture, and keep them out of the reach of children.
Do not dispose of medications in wastewater (e.g. down the sink or in the toilet) or in household garbage. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medications that are no longer needed or have expired.
Many medications can cause side effects. A side effect is an unwanted response to a medication when it is taken in normal doses. Side effects can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent.
The side effects listed below are not experienced by everyone who takes Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live). If you are concerned about side effects, discuss the risks and benefits of Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live) with your doctor.
The following side effects have been reported by at least 1% of people taking Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live). Many of these side effects can be managed, and some may go away on their own over time.
Contact your doctor if you experience these side effects and they are severe or bothersome. Your pharmacist may be able to advise you on managing side effects.
Although most of the side effects listed below don't happen very often, they could lead to serious problems if you do not seek medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
Stop taking the medication and seek immediate medical attention if any of the following occur:
Some people may experience side effects other than those listed. Check with your doctor if you notice any symptom that worries you while you are taking Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live).
Each enteric-coated capsule contains one dose of lyophilized bacteria for oral administration. Nonmedicinal ingredients: sucrose, amino acid mixture, ascorbic acid, lactose, magnesium stearate, hydroxypropyl cellulose-phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, ethylene glycol, gelatine type B, titanium dioxide, erythrosine FD&C Red No. 3, yellow iron oxide, red iron oxide, and titanium dioxide.
Do not take Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live) if you:
There may be an interaction between typhoid vaccine (oral) and any of the following:
If you are taking any of these medications, speak with your doctor or pharmacist. Depending on your specific circumstances, your doctor may want you to:
An interaction between two medications does not always mean that you must stop taking one of them. Speak to your doctor about how any drug interactions are being managed or should be managed.
Medications other than those listed above may interact with Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live). Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter (non-prescription), and herbal medications you are taking. Also tell them about any supplements you take. Since caffeine, alcohol, the Nicotine from cigarettes, or street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them.
Before you begin taking a medication, be sure to inform your doctor of any medical conditions or Allergies you may have, any medications you are taking, whether you are pregnant or breast-feeding, and any other significant facts about your health. These factors may affect how you should take Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live).
Illness with fever: If you have an acute illness with a fever, you should not take Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live) until the illness has resolved.
Protection: Not everyone who takes this vaccine will be fully protected against typhoid fever. If you are travelling to high-risk areas, take all necessary precautions to avoid contact with or ingestion of potentially contaminated food or water.
Vomiting and diarrhea: If you have an acute stomach or intestinal illness associated with vomiting or diarrhea, you should not take Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live) until the illness has resolved, as this illness will affect how well the vaccine is absorbed by the body.
Pregnancy: Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live) should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. If you become pregnant while taking Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live), contact your doctor immediately.
Breast-feeding: It is not known if typhoid vaccine (oral) passes into breast milk. If you are a breast-feeding mother and are taking Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live), it may affect your baby. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breast-feeding.
Children: The safety and effectiveness of using Vivotif (Typhoid-vaccine-live) have not been established for children under 5 years of age.
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