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Spironolactone

Spironolactone

Spironolactone belongs to the class of medications known as diuretics (water pills). It is used to treat edema (fluid retention) that occurs with Congestive Heart Failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and nephrotic syndrome.

Available form

Tablet, Capsule, Professional Service

Dosage

6.25mg, 12.5mg, 25mg, 100mg, compound

Manufacturers

Jamp Pharma Corporation, Mint Pharmaceuticals, Teva

Branded drugs

Aldactone

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Spironolactone information

Dosage

Side Effects

Available Form

Contraindications

Precautions

Warnings

Directions of use

The recommended dose of spironolactone for adults ranges from 25 mg to 400 mg daily depending on the condition being treated. It may be taken in single or divided doses.

For children with edema (fluid retention) associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, or nephrotic syndrome, the daily dose is based on body weight and is given in single or divided doses.

Since Spironolactone increases urine output, it is better to take it early in the day (with breakfast if you are taking a once-daily dose, or with breakfast and lunch if you are taking divided doses). Spironolactone may be taken with or without food. If stomach upset occurs, take the medication with food.

Many things can affect the dose of a medication that a person needs, such as body weight, other medical conditions, and other medications. If your doctor has recommended a dose different from the ones listed here, do not change the way that you are taking the medication without consulting your doctor.

It is important that Spironolactone be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible and continue with your regular schedule. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.If you are not sure what to do after missing a dose, contact your doctor or pharmacist for advice.

Store Spironolactone at room temperature, protect it from heat and moisture, and keep it out of the reach of children.

Do not dispose of medications in wastewater (e.g. down the sink or in the toilet) or in household garbage. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medications that are no longer needed or have expired.

Many medications can cause side effects. A side effect is an unwanted response to a medication when it is taken in normal doses. Side effects can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent. The side effects listed below are not experienced by everyone who takes Spironolactone. If you are concerned about side effects, discuss the risks and benefits of Spironolactone with your doctor.

The following side effects have been reported by at least 1% of people taking Spironolactone. Many of these side effects can be managed, and some may go away on their own over time.

Contact your doctor if you experience these side effects and they are severe or bothersome. Your pharmacist may be able to advise you on managing side effects.

abdominal pain
Diarrhea
dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when rising from a lying or sitting position
drowsiness
Dry Mouth
fatigue
Fever
frequent urination
headache
nausea
thirst
vomiting

Although most of the side effects listed below don't happen very often, they could lead to serious problems if you do not seek medical attention.

Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:

confusion
enlarged or painful breasts
fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat
fever
increased infections
irregular menstrual period
muscle weakness or cramps
rapid weight loss
signs of Anemia (low red blood cells; e.g., dizziness, pale skin, unusual tiredness or weakness, shortness of breath)
signs of bleeding (e.g., unusual nosebleeds, bruising, blood in urine, coughing blood, bleeding gums, cuts that don't stop bleeding)
signs and symptoms of imbalance of water, sodium or potassium in the body (e.g., muscle pain or cramps, weakness, irregular heart beat)
signs of kidney problems (e.g., increased urination at night, decreased urine production, blood in the urine, swelling, fatigue, abdominal pain)
signs of liver problems (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, dark urine, pale stools)
signs of pancreatitis (e.g., abdominal pain on the upper left side, back pain, nausea, fever, chills, rapid heartbeat, swollen abdomen)
skin rash
symptoms of high blood sugar (e.g., frequent urination, increased thirst, excessive eating, unexplained weight loss, poor wound healing, infections, fruity breath odour)

Stop taking the medication and seek immediate medical attention if any of the following occur:

chest pain
signs of a Anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction) such as difficulty breathing; Hives; or swelling of the face, tongue, or throat
signs of a severe skin reaction (e.g., blistering, peeling, a rash covering a large area of the body, a rash that spreads quickly, or a rash combined with fever or discomfort)
signs of stomach bleeding such as vomiting of blood, stomach pain, black and tarry stools

Some people may experience side effects other than those listed. Check with your doctor if you notice any symptom that worries you while you are taking Spironolactone.

There may be an interaction between spironolactone and any of the following:

Abiraterone
Aldesleukin
alcohol
alpha/ beta agonists (e.g., Epinephrine, norepinephrine)
alpha agonists (e.g., Clonidine, methyldopa)
alpha blockers (e.g., Alfuzosin, Doxazosin, Tamsulosin)
amifostine
amphetamines (e.g., Dextroamphetamine, lisdexamphetamine)
angiotensin II antagonists (e.g., Candesartan, Valsartan)
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors; e.g., Captopril, Enalapril, Lisinopril, Ramipril)
Atorvastatin
barbiturates (e.g., Phenobarbital, butalbital)
beta-adrenergic blockers (e.g., Atenolol, Propranolol, Sotalol)
brimonidine
calcium channel blockers (e.g., Amlodipine, Diltiazem, Nifedipine, Verapamil)
Canagliflozin
Cholestyramine
ciprofloxacin
corticosteroids (e.g., Prednisone, Dexamethasone)
Cyclosporine
Dapagliflozin
diazoxide
Digoxin
other diuretics (water pills; e.g., Amiloride, Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide)
dropspirenone
Duloxetine
eplerenone
Guanfacine
heparin
levodopa
lithium
low molecular weight heparins (e.g., Dalteparin, Enoxaparin, Tinzaparin)
Methylphenidate
Minoxidil
Mitotane
monoamine oxidase inhibitors (M.O.S. e.g., Moclobemide, Phenelzine, Rasagiline, Selegiline, Tranylcypromine)
narcotic medications (e.g., Codeine, Morphine)
nitrates (e.g., Nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate)
Nitrofurantoin
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; e.g., Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Ketorolac, Naproxen)
Obinutuzumab
Pentoxifylline
phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (e.g., Sildenafil, Tadalafil, Vardenafil)
potassium-containing medications, supplements, or salt-substitutes (e.g., potassium chloride, potassium citrate, potassium gluconate, potassium iodide, potassium phosphate)
Quetiapine
quinidine
salicylates (e.g., Asa, salsalate)
Risperidone
Rituximab
sodium phosphates
Tacrolimus
Tolvaptan
Trimethoprim
Yohimbine

If you are taking any of these medications, speak with your doctor or pharmacist. Depending on your specific circumstances, your doctor may want you to:

stop taking one of the medications,
change one of the medications to another,
change how you are taking one or both of the medications, or
leave everything as is.

An interaction between two medications does not always mean that you must stop taking one of them. Speak to your doctor about how any drug interactions are being managed or should be managed.

Medications other than those listed above may interact with Spironolactone. Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter (non-prescription), and herbal medications you are taking. Also tell them about any supplements you take. Since caffeine, alcohol, the Nicotine from cigarettes, or street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them.

Before you begin using a medication, be sure to inform your doctor of any medical conditions or Allergies you may have, any medications you are taking, whether you are pregnant or breast-feeding, and any other significant facts about your health. These factors may affect how you should use Spironolactone.

Breast enlargement in men: Men may develop breast enlargement with the use of spironolactone. If this occurs, tell your doctor. In the great majority of cases, breast enlargement disappears once the medication is stopped.

Drowsiness and dizziness: Spironolactone may cause drowsiness or dizziness, affecting your ability to drive or operate machinery.

Avoid these and other hazardous tasks until you have determined how Spironolactone affects you. Spironolactone may also cause dizziness or lightheadedness when moving from a lying or sitting to an upright position.

Alcohol can add to the drowsiness caused by this medication.

Potassium: Spironolactone may cause high potassium levels if potassium intake is too high. Do not take potassium supplements, follow a diet rich in potassium, or use salt substitutes containing potassium while taking spironolactone. People with reduced kidney function, seniors, and people with Diabetes are more at risk of developing high potassium levels.

Fluid and electrolyte balance: Spironolactone may cause the levels of electrolytes such as potassium, sodium, and chloride in the blood to change while taking this medication. If you experience symptoms of fluid and electrolyte imbalance such as muscle pains or cramps; dry mouth; numb hands, feet, or lips; or racing heartbeat, contact your doctor as soon as possible. Your doctor will do blood tests regularly to monitor the levels of these electrolytes in your blood while you are taking Spironolactone.

Liver function: Small changes to electrolytes and fluid in the body can cause large changes to liver function. If you have liver problems, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of Spironolactone, and whether any special monitoring is needed. Your doctor may want to test your liver function regularly with blood tests while you are taking Spironolactone.

Pregnancy: Spironolactone crosses the placenta and may affect the developing baby if taken by a woman when she is pregnant. Spironolactone should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. If you become pregnant while taking Spironolactone talk to your doctor about the potential benefits and risks of taking Spironolactone during pregnancy.

Breast-feeding: Spironolactone passes into breast milk. If you are a breast-feeding mother and are taking spironolactone, it may affect your baby. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breast-feeding.

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All material © 1996-2025 MediResource Inc. Terms and conditions of use. The contents herein are for informational purposes only. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health providers with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.

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